Levels and origin of reactive gases and their relationship with aerosols in the proximity of the emission sources and in the free troposphere at Tenerife

Esta nota técnica -redactada en inglés con resumen en español- se basa en la tesis doctoral de la autora en la que se estudia el origen y la relación entre las partículas ultrafinas y los gases reactivos en zonas próximas y alejadas a focos de emisión de contaminantes. El estudio se basa en los datos de concentración de gases reactivos y aerosoles registrados en el aire ambiente durante el periodo 2006-2010 en dos emplazamientos de la isla de Tenerife: el área metropolitana de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, donde se produce una emisión importante de contaminantes; y la estación de vigilancia atmosférica global de Izaña, una estación de montaña localizada en la atmósfera libre por encima de la capa de estratocúmulos característica de las regiones oceánicas subtropicales. Este trabajo se engloba dentro del programa de la Vigilancia de la atmósfera global de la Organización meteorológica mundial

Levels and origin of reactive gases and their relationship with aerosols in the proximity of the emission sources and in the free troposphere at Tenerife

Tesis presentada en la Universidad de La Laguna para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Físicas. Programa de Doctorado de Física e Informática[ES]Este estudio se centra en la identificación de las fuentes y procesos que contribuyen a la concentración de gases reactivos (NOx, SO2, CO y O3) y partículas ultrafinas (PUFs), y su relación en el aire ambiente. La razón por la cual se está prestando una atención especial a las PUFs es debida al impacto que ejercen en la salud y en el clima. El estudio se basa en los datos de concentración de gases reactivos, PUFs (diámetro < 0.1 μm), black carbon, PM10 (diámetro < 10 μm) y PM2.5 (diámetro < 2.5 μm) registrados en el aire ambiente, durante el periodo 2006 – 2010, en dos emplazamientos de la isla de Tenerife: i) el área metropolitana de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, donde se produce una emisión importante de contaminantes, y ii) la estación de vigilancia atmosférica global de Izaña, una estación de alta montaña localizada en la troposfera libre (~2.400 metros sobre el nivel del mar), por encima de la capa de estratocúmulos característica de las regiones oceánicas subtropicales.[EN]This study is focused on identifying the sources and processes that contribute to the concentrations of reactive gases (NOX, SO2, CO and O3) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) and their relationship in ambient air. Because of their impact on human health and their influence on climate, particular attention is paid to ultrafine particles. The study is based on experimental data of reactive gases and ultrafine (diameter < 0.1 μm), black carbon, PM10 (diameter < 10 μm) and PM2.5 (diameter < 2.5 μm) particles concentrations measured between 2006 and 2010 in the ambient air of two different environments of Tenerife Island: i) the Metropolitan Area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, where important emissions of pollutants occur, and ii) the Izaña Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) observatory, a remote mountain top site located in the low free troposphere (~2,400 meters above sea level), well above the stratocumulus layer characteristic of the subtropical oceanic regions

Climatology of new particle formation at Izaña mountain GAW observatory in the subtropical North Atlantic

A climatology of new particle formation (NPF) events at high altitude in the subtropical North Atlantic is presented. A 4-year data set (June 2008–June 2012), which includes number size distributions (10–600 nm), reactive gases (SO2, NOx, and O3), several components of solar radiation and meteorological parameters, measured at Izaña Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) observatory (2373 m above sea level; Tenerife, Canary Islands) was analysed. NPF is associated with the transport of gaseous precursors from the boundary layer by orographic buoyant upward flows that perturb the low free troposphere during daytime. On average, 30% of the days contained an NPF event.This study was performed within the context of several projects, supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (POLLINDUST, CGL2011-26259), REDMAAS (CGL2011- 15008-E) and GRACCIE (CSD2007-00067) and by the European Union (FP7, ACTRIS, grant contract: 262254)

Characterization of new particles formation events at Izaña Mountain Observatory (Tenerife, Canary Islands): formation, growth rates and influencing atmospheric parameters

Comunicación presentada en: 2012 European Aerosol Conference (EAC-2012), B-WG01S2P30, celebrada del 2 al 7 de septiembre de 2012 en Granada.This study was performed within the context of projects REDMAAS (CGL2011-15008-E) and POLLINDUST (CGL2011-26259)

A brief review of reactive gases observations at Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (2006-2009)

Comunicación presentada en: Symposium on Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics at Mountain Sites celebrado del 8 al 10 de junio de 2010 en Interlaken, Suiza

Influence of ships emissions in the ultrafine particles pollution in an urban coastal air

Comunicación presentada en: V Reunión Española de Ciencia y Tecnología de Aerosoles – RECTA 2011 celebrada del 27 al 29 de junio de 2011 en CIEMAT, Madrid.Experimental data (2008-2009) of particle number (N≥2.5 nm diameter) and black carbon (BC) concen-trations and of gaseous pollutants recorded in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife was analyzed in order to asses the impact of ship emissions on the ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations in coastal urban areas. The observed relationship between N and the other air pollutants, allowed segregating the contribu-tion of vehicle exhaust and of ship emissions to the UFP con-centrations in the urban ambient air. The influence of fresh vehicle exhaus

Long Term Ozone Observations at Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (1988-2009)

Comunicación presentada en: Symposium on Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics at Mountain Sites celebrado del 8 al 10 de junio de 2010 en Interlaken, Suiza

In-situ CO measurements at Izaña global GAW station: GC-RGA system, data processing, and 2008-2011 time series

Comunicación presentada en: 16th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases, and Related Measurement Techniques celebrado del 25 al 28 de octubre de 2011 en Wellington, Nueva Zelanda

Quality assessment of ozone total column amounts as monitored by ground-based solar absorption spectrometry in the near infrared (> 3000 cm−1)

This study examines the possibility of ground-based remote-sensing ozone total column amounts (OTC) from spectral signatures at 3040 and 4030 cm−1. These spectral regions are routinely measured by the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) ground-based FTIR (Fourier transform infraRed) experiments. In addition, they are potentially detectable by the TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) FTIR instruments. The ozone retrieval strategy presented here estimates the OTC from NDACC FTIR high-resolution spectra with a theoretical precision of about 2 and 5% in the 3040 and 4030 cm−1 regions, respectively. Empirically, these OTC products are validated by inter-comparison to FTIR OTC reference retrievals in the 1000 cm−1 spectral region (standard reference for NDACC ozone products), using an 8-year FTIR time series (2005–2012) taken at the subtropical ozone supersite of the Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (Tenerife, Spain). Associated with the weaker ozone signatures at the higher wave number regions, the 3040 and 4030 cm−1 retrievals show lower vertical sensitivity than the 1000 cm−1 retrievals.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 284421 (NORS project) and from the Ministerio de Economía and Competitividad from Spain for the project CGL2012-37505 (NOVIA project). M. Schneider and Y. González are supported by the European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. 256961 and E. Sepúlveda is supported by the NOVIA Project

Air pollution and heart failure: relationship with the ejection fraction

To study whether the concentrations of particulate matter in ambient air are associated with hospital admission due to heart failure in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and reduced ejection fraction